U.S. Department of Education Issues Guidance on Artificial Intelligence Use in Schools

Summary

The U.S. Department of Education has released official guidance addressing the rapidly growing use of AI in K-12 and higher education settings. This federal guidance represents the first comprehensive policy direction from the Department on how schools should approach AI implementation, covering everything from student data privacy to academic integrity concerns. Released as part of Secretary McMahon's broader education policy framework, the guidance emphasizes evidence-based approaches while supporting the administration's goals of expanding education choice and returning more authority to state and local education agencies.

Who this resource is for

• K-12 school administrators and superintendents developing AI policies for their districts
• Higher education leaders creating institutional AI guidelines
• State education officials crafting statewide AI frameworks for schools
• Educational technology coordinators implementing AI tools in classrooms
• School board members making decisions about AI adoption and governance
• Teachers and faculty seeking clarity on acceptable AI use in instruction and assessment
• Education policy researchers studying federal AI governance approaches
• EdTech vendors ensuring their AI products align with federal expectations

The federal perspective on AI in education

This guidance marks a significant shift in how the federal government views AI in educational settings. Unlike previous technology guidance that focused primarily on infrastructure or digital divide issues, this addresses AI as both an opportunity and a governance challenge. The Department positions AI as a tool that can support personalized learning and administrative efficiency while acknowledging concerns about equity, privacy, and academic integrity that require proactive management.

The timing reflects growing pressure from educators who have been navigating AI tools like ChatGPT without clear policy direction, as well as concerns from parents and policymakers about unregulated AI use in schools.

Key policy priorities addressed

• Evidence-based implementation: The guidance emphasizes that AI adoption should be grounded in research and measurable outcomes, aligning with the Department's broader push for evidence-based practices in education.
• State and local authority: Consistent with the administration's education philosophy, the guidance provides framework principles while explicitly preserving state and local decision-making authority over specific AI policies.
• Educational equity: Special attention is given to ensuring AI tools don't exacerbate existing educational inequities or create new barriers for underserved students.
• Student data protection: The guidance reinforces existing FERPA requirements while addressing new privacy challenges posed by AI systems that may process student data in unprecedented ways.
• Academic integrity: Addresses the elephant in the room - how schools should handle AI-assisted student work and maintain academic standards in an AI-enabled environment.

How this fits into the broader policy landscape

This guidance doesn't operate in isolation - it's designed to complement existing federal education requirements while addressing gaps that AI has created. Schools must still comply with FERPA, Section 504, IDEA, and other federal education laws, but now have specific direction on how these apply to AI contexts.

The guidance also connects to the White House's broader AI strategy, ensuring that education-specific AI governance aligns with government-wide AI principles while respecting the unique characteristics of educational environments.

Implementation considerations for schools

• Start with pilot programs: Rather than district-wide rollouts, the guidance suggests beginning with controlled pilot implementations that can be evaluated and refined.
• Engage all stakeholders: Successful AI governance requires input from teachers, students, parents, and community members - not just technology staff.
• Document and evaluate: Schools are encouraged to maintain records of AI use and regularly assess both benefits and risks.
• Professional development: The guidance emphasizes that AI implementation must be accompanied by appropriate training for educators and staff.

What this doesn't cover

While comprehensive, this guidance has intentional limitations. It doesn't mandate specific AI tools or vendors, doesn't override state education laws, and doesn't provide detailed technical specifications. Schools looking for prescriptive "do this, not that" instructions may find the guidance more advisory than directive - which reflects the Department's commitment to preserving local control while providing federal policy direction.